Principles and Practice of Leadership and Management in a Learning Essay

Principles and Practice of Leadership and Management in a Learning Disability Context - Essay Example It is common for these individuals to have some extra needs in care and communication, and helping them reduce stress and feel comfortable is one of the major responsibilities of their caregivers (Clements 1987). It is normally necessary to have the disabled people live in areas where they have easy access to both medical and psychological care. This is mostly done in institutions or in the context of the community (Turnbull 2004). Consequently, it is the responsibility of those charged with managing institutions that care for these individuals to put in place measures that ensure that these people are awarded the most conducive atmosphere with as little discomfort as possible (Dalby & Knifton, 2012). During my training as a learning disability nurse, I have been to various institutions and have met varying management styles. In analyzing the qualities a manager should possess, I will first review two different institutions and their managers to try and draw out the reason why manage ment is an important factor in the success or failure of these programs. A success story One of my initial placements took me to an institution caring for people who needed psychiatric care. On getting to the facility, I was introduced to my supervisor who took his time to introduce me to all members of staff, a situation that helped me feel welcome. I was then handed a set of papers that outlined what was considered best practices in the institution, and was informed that the first item on my itinerary would be to attend a two hour seminar where I would be brought up to speed with the requirements the managers set for all the staff at the institution. I was impressed with the level to which the management went to ensure compliance with the best practice guide, and immediately understood why the institution was ranked among the best in psychiatry care in the country. The manger had set guidelines which he insisted strict adherence to. The seminar was supposed to; Plant a deep workin g knowledge of all issues regarding psychiatry. In this aspect, one was always encouraged to consult with their peers or those senior to them in case they encountered a situation or issue they were not familiar with. Explore how difficulties in communication were manifested in the mentally disabled, and how to make the best out of whatever channels were available to communicate with the patients in an individual level. To educate the staff on consent and capacity issues with respect to people with psychiatric needs and on how best to navigate around the issues Inform the managers and support staff on the resources available to them in the hospital, and on other organizations that offer psychiatric services. The manager was a stickler to detail and insisted on the highest levels of discipline. He led by example in implementing the guidelines on treating people with learning disabilities as equals. In my early days, one case stood out that engraved the importance of having staff and d epartments organized in a conveyance belt model for service provision as spelt by Gates (2009). In the witnessed case, an emergency rescue team had called in on a patient who had recently been discharged, but who had had a recurrence, was physically aggressive and had inflicted some injuries on her body which needed a minor surgery. Since the institution

Environmental Factors Essay Example for Free

Environmental Factors Essay The Coca-Cola Company was established in 1886 in the United States. Today, the Coca-Cola Company’s products are available in over 200 different countries. Each country contains its own demographics and other factors that influence the marketing planning and promotions for the Coca-Cola product lines. These factors vary by location and can include culture, customs, and even legal matters. The Coca-Cola Company has been able to successfully examine these factors and create marketing campaigns that have allowed the company to grow in leaps and bounds over the past 100 years. Global economic interdependence Global economic interdependence is when different economies rely upon one another and can include goods and service exchanges. Coca-Cola is one of the most famous soft drink brands in the world because they have successfully marketed their products across the globe. These foreign economies rely upon Coca-Cola products to stock their shelves to meet the consumers demand. With such a strong demand, countries would want the company’s product in local stores to increase sales and thus taxes collected. In order to get products to foreign markets, Coca-Cola is faced with trade restrictions and agreements. Restrictions can include tariffs which impose taxes on imported goods or quotas that limit the amount of certain product that is brought into the country (Kotler, Keller, 2012). These restrictions can lead to questions as to whether entering that foreign market is profitable. A high tariff could cut into profits while other trade restrictions may not allow a product to enter the market at all. A stiff market to enter may require a very detailed and successful marketing plan in order to reach the most potential consumers. A failed plan could result in the company paying more for the product to enter that market rather than the amount of money being made. Demographics and infrastructure Demographics must be examined prior to entering a foreign market. Household income, population, and age can all play a factor in a marketing plan. Poor  countries such as those in Africa may not be able to afford to purchase a product and therefore, would not be included in a marketing plan for a high priced item. Also, if there is a limited amount of infrastructure the product may not be able to be transported. Countries that lack infrastructure such as paved roads or electricity would become difficult markets for Coca-Cola to enter. Without roads or railroads, Coca-Cola would not be able to deliver their product to the consumers. Electricity is typically needed in order to keep the beverage chilled and to record sales transactions. A country lacking infrastructure will have a difficult time getting popular goods to their consumers. Cultural differences Cultural differences play a role in the marketing process. Different cultures will have different ideals and may even use products for different reasons. What may be acceptable in the American market may be a sign of disrespect in another. Knowledge of cultural differences can make or break a marketing campaign and also the entire company. For example, the Japanese commercials tend to have more animation and songs in the commercial. Also, the culture is also more advanced in technology so vending machines are more advanced in Japan than the ones we see here in America. Finally, different cultures may see certain products or ingredients as unhealthy. What may be delicious to consumers in China may be horrid to the taste buds of those in America. Social responsibility and ethics versus legal obligations Social responsibility and ethics are values that should be followed but not necessarily obligated to do so. On the other hand, legal obligations force a company to perform certain actions. For example, Coca-Cola is not legally obligated to set a certain price on their product. However, they are legally obligated to place nutritional and ingredient information on the product. As previously mentioned, different cultures play a role in marketing. What one culture may see as a social responsibility may be a legal obligation in another. As many know, Coca-Cola once contained the drug cocaine. Legally, cocaine is outlawed in the United States but may not be in other countries. What some may not know is that Coca-Cola still contains an extract from the coca leaves that is not classified as illegal (New York Times, 2013). In some cultures, it may be unethical to sell a product that has any  derivatives from any mind altering plants. Political systems and the influence of international relations Political systems can decide whether to allow a product to enter their market or impose extreme conditions that must be met. In addition, international relations can play a part as to where a product goes. Currently, the United States has a trade restriction with Iran that limits what can be exchanged between the two countries. Iran, once considered an ally, is now an evil and thus trade restrictions are in place. Coca-Cola may find it difficult to get their product into this market through a legit trade agreement. If Coca-Cola was faced with the fact that nobody would be allowed to import their product, they would be able to develop a marketing plan for domestic use that would portray that they are the only country who gets to receive the product. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 prohibits bribes being paid to foreign officials to assist in obtaining or keeping business (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, n.d.). This Act would prohibit Coca-Cola from bribing an Iranian official to allow them to export their product to the country. Because of this Act, large corporations can no longer pay foreign officials to keep their products in stores of countries that have banned them either by local or international law. These different laws and stipulations create barriers for a product to be introduced into foreign and domestic markets. Technology Advancements in technology have made marketing both easier and more difficult at the same time. Social media sites such as YouTube now promote products before the user can watch the video they intended to view. As technology advances, previous innovations become cheaper and open the doors for new consumers to obtain these products. As the amount of people who are able to access the internet increases, so does the amount of people that can view advertisements. One of the newest fads for technology is making more products â€Å"green†. Environmental friendly products are now the big rage and consumers will pay more for a product if it is deemed â€Å"green†. Advances in technology will eventually lead to more products being green and thus  creating a decline in the demand. Conclusion The Coca-Cola Company was established in 1886 in the United States. Today, the Coca-Cola Company’s products are available in over 200 different countries. Each country contains its own demographics and other factors that influence the marketing planning and promotions for the Coca-Cola product lines. Factors such as political influences, technology, and cultural differences all play a part on marketing. Differences in these factors can determine whether a product should be entered into the market. It is the responsibility of the manufacture, such as Coca-Cola, to perform their due diligence and evaluate its findings. References New York Times. (2013). How Coca-Cola Obtains Its Coca. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/01/business/how-coca-cola-obtains-its-coca.html U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (n.d.). Spotlight on Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Retrieved from http://www.sec.gov/spotlight/fcpa.shtml

Walt Whitman :: essays research papers

Walt Whiteman though himself out to be the poet of American democracy. His poetry described an america where the future had already begun. Whitman believed every individual had as much dignity, and inmportance as anyone else. No job was considered to small or insubordinate. He believed that in order to reach their full potential, people had to break down the barriers that seperated them from others and from parts of their own being. He enciouraged things that made people less embarassed and mroe outgoing. Whitman was the kind of poet who follows his own bent, in spite of his misunderstanding. He found supporters among the leading writers of his time and was gradually recognized as the first great poet of new age. In "i am one of the nation" Whitman wrote, "I am of old and young, of foolish, and of wise, and stuffed with the stuff that is find. One of the natrions the smallest, the same, and the largest, the same." After reading this, I notice Walt Whitman is talking about being equal. People are all equal and together we make up an equal nation. He also wrote " the runaway slave came to my house, and stepped inside...and went where he sat on a log and led him in and assured him, brought him water, filled a tub for his sweated body, and bruised feet, and gave him a room that entered minem and gave him coarse clean clothes. I had him sit next to me at table" This shoes that Walt Whitman believes everyone is equal and deserves equal tretment and respect. He believes in everything he writes about. In a march in the ranks hand pressed" Whitman says "at my feet more dinstinctlively a so;dier, a meere lad in danger of bleeding to death" when he said this, I niticed he did not say a black man or a white man, he was talking about the solidiers together, as equal indivuduals. In "when lilacls last in the dooryard bloomed" Whitman wrote this as al elegy.

The Power of Concentration

The Power of Concentration By Remez Sasson When I was a child, I saw how a magnifying glass could burn a piece of paper, when the rays of the sun were focused through it. The fire could start only when the sun's rays were concentrated to a small point. When the magnifying glass was moved too far away or too close to the paper, the rays were not focused enough and nothing happened. This experience describes vividly the power of concentration. This power can be described as focused attention. It is the ability to direct the attention to one single thought or subject, to the exclusion of everything else.When our mind is focused, our energies are not dissipated on irrelevant activities or thoughts. This is why developing concentration is essential to anyone who aspires to take charge of his or her life. This skill is essential for every kind of success. Without it, our efforts get scattered, but with it, we can accomplish great things. Concentration has many uses and  benefits. It assi sts in studying and understanding faster, improves the memory, and helps in focusing on any task, job, activity or goal, and achieving it more easily and efficiently.It is also required for developing psychic powers, and is a powerful tool for the efficient use of creative visualization. When this ability is developed, the mind obeys us more readily and does not engage in futile, negative thoughts or worries. We gain mental mastery and we experience true peace of mind. This ability also plays an important role in meditation. Without it, the mind just jumps restlessly from one thought to another, not allowing us to meditate properly. Do you now realize, why it is very important and worthwhile to develop and improve the ability to concentrate?To develop this power you need to train and exercise it. Forget all your excuses about not having the time or being too busy. Do not say that the circumstances are not appropriate or that you cannot find a quiet place to exercise. With a little p lanning, desire and motivation you can always find the time to exercise each day, no matter how busy you are. The Restless Mind Thoughts claim our attention incessantly, and waste our time and energy on unimportant and useless matters. They actually rule our life. We have become so used to this slavery, that we take it for granted, and have become nconscious of this habit, except on certain occasions. While breathing, we do not need to pay attention to each inhalation and exhalation. We become conscious of the process of breathing, only when we have some difficulty with breathing, such as when our nose is clogged, due to a cold, or when we are in an unventilated room. It is the same with thinking. We become conscious of the constant onslaught of our thoughts, and of our inability to calm them down, only when we need to concentrate, solve a problem or study.We are also acutely aware of them when we have worries or fears. Look at the following familiar situation. You need to study som ething for your job or for an exam. You sit comfortably on the sofa with the book in your hands and start reading. After a while you feel hungry and go to the kitchen to eat something. You return to read, and then hear you people talking outside. You listen to them for several moments and then bring your attention back to the book. After a while you feel restless and switch on the radio to listen to some music.You continue to read for a little while, and then remember something that happened yesterday, and you start thinking about it. When you look at your watch, you are amazed to find out that one complete hour has passed and you have hardly read anything. This is what happens when one lacks concentration. Imagine what you could have accomplished, if you could control your attention and focus your mind! Work that requires physical strength, such as carrying heavy loads for example, develops physical strength. Yet, it is not as exercising daily to the gym in a systematic manner.It i s the same with concentration. Reading, studying and trying to pay attention to what we do, develop some of this ability, but practicing exercises diligently each day is something else, it is like training in a gym. Inner resistance to developing concentration In order to develop this ability we have to train our minds. Most people think that concentration is a strenuous and tiring activity, and that it involves exertion and tension, which are difficult and unpleasant. This belief starts at an early age.Parents and teachers expect children to study, do their homework and get good grades. This brings up in the children a feeling of being coerced and forced to do something they don't like doing. When they are too often told that they are not concentrating good enough, they develop a loathing for concentration, and often for studying too. These become associated with coercion, lack of freedom, doing something they do not like to do, and which is against their will. When they grow up, i t is no wonder that their powers of concentration are weak, and they have no desire to strain their minds.Though most people acknowledge the fact that good concentration is a great asset, yet most of them do nothing to strengthen it, because they don't know how, and because they lack the motivation. It is hoped that this article will provide the necessary information and motivation. Concentration can be fun, if approached in the right way. It should be practiced with joy, positive attitude, optimism, and understanding of its great possibilities. The benefits of developing concentration Sometimes you can find strong powers of concentration in yourself.When you really and earnestly want to excel in your studies, pass an important exam or solve a problem, this power becomes available to you. In such cases, it appears because of some need or desire, but developing it in a systematic way brings it under your control, and grants you the ability to use it intentionally, whenever you need i t. To do so, you need to practice special exercises on a daily basis. Here is what you can gain by developing this power: -Control of your thoughts. -The ability to focus your mind. -Peace of mind. -Freedom from futile and annoying thoughts. -The ability to choose your thoughts. Better memory. -Self-confidence. -Inner strength. -Will power. -Decisiveness. -The ability to study and comprehend more quickly. -Inner happiness. -Enhanced capability to develop psychic abilities. -More powerful and efficient use of creative visualization. -Enhanced ability to meditate. -And much more†¦ Seems too good to be true? Develop the power of concentration and find out for yourself! So what about starting to develop concentration power today? In part two of this article you will find advice and exercises for developing and strengthening this ability. The Power of Concentration Part Two

Development and Learning in the Classroom

In a quotation mark by Columbia professor and philosopher, Mortimer Adler, â€Å" The intent of acquisition is growing, and our heads, unlike our organic structures, can go on turning as we continue to populate. † The University of Kansas ‘ Circle of Inclusion Project defines developmentally appropriate patterns as ; â€Å" the construct of developmentally appropriate patterns refers to supplying an environment and offering content, stuffs, activities, and methodological analysiss that are coordinated with a kid ‘s degree of development and for which the person kid is ready. Three dimensions of rightness must be considered: age rightness, single rightness, and rightness for the cultural and societal context of the kid. † A instructor ‘s occupation is to do certain that what they are learning their pupils is appropriate to their pupil ‘s degree of development. There are three chief countries of development, which are cognitive development, social- emotional development, and psychomotor development. These types of development are a portion of every pupil ‘s life and it is of import that instructors take them into history when they are learning a category to guarantee that every kid gets the opportunity to larn the stuff required. Cognitive development, as noted in the Classroom Assessment text edition, focuses on a kid ‘s rational operations ( Popham, 2011, p. 35 ) . In cognitive development, there is a â€Å" construct of cognitive manner, which refers to a dimension of cognitive processing along which people differ from one another † ( Morra, et Al, 2008, p 45 ) . When a kid reaches adolescence, normally happening between the ages 12 and 20, many alterations take topographic point. â€Å" Intelligent alterations both quantitatively and qualitatively during adolescence † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 27 ) . â€Å" Adolescents get down to believe faster and more expeditiously than kids, even their mathematical operations are conducted more quickly † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 27 ) . Jann Gumbiner continues to explicate Jean Piaget ‘s theory of cognitive development and how an stripling enters a phase of formal operational thought, which is the concluding province of cognitive development tha t normally occurs around the ages of 11 and 15 ( 2003, p. 29 ) . â€Å" This phase represents a to the full mature, big manner of sing the universe. Adolescents in this phase execute logical operations and hypothetical-deductive logical thinking. They form hypotheses and so infer replies, whether it is about algebraic maps or real-world dating state of affairss † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 29 ) . â€Å" There are so qualitative alterations in the manner adolescence think about the universe around them that helps them to pass on better with grownups † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 29 ) . Once pupils reach this degree of growing, â€Å" they are eager to undertake relevant jobs, discuss and portion point of views about critical issues, and speak about ethical picks that impact their actions † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 26 ) . The rational development of striplings has specific larning demands. â€Å" Adolescents that have diverse cognition, involvements and abilities need the chance to develop a scope of accomplishments and prosecute a assortment of content countries † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 27 ) . If an stripling is capable of critical rating, drawn-out focal point, illative thought and logical thinking, they should be given the clip and chance to believe critically and be given a higher-level of analytical oppugning than they had before ( Crawford, 2008, p. 27 ) . Glenda Crawford explains that a instructor ‘s function in learning based on cognitive acquisition is to pattern, steer, and aid as pupils think about and utilize cognitive schemes, and through pattern and over clip addition a degree of proficiency ( 2008, p. 69 ) . â€Å" The typical characteristics of this type of learning include: Mold: when pupils observe and listen while the instructor demonstrates and explains a undertaking. Coaching: pupils perform the undertaking while the instructor supports and makes suggestions through constructive feedback. Sequencing: pupils engage in more ambitious and diverse undertakings as proficiency is gained. Externalizing: pupils explain aloud their cognition, thought, and logical thinking. Reflecting: pupils compare their thought and public presentation with that of experts. Exploring: pupils are helped to use, spread out, and polish their accomplishments independently † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 69 ) . Social-emotional development is what a individual learns from the environment around them. Thomas M. Brinthaupt and Richard P. Lipka explain that societal alterations begin in early to middle childhood by larning how to expect other ‘s reactions and internalise behavioural criterions. They begin to compare their public presentation to their ain work from the yesteryear and to those of other kids ( 2002, p. 4 ) . He continues stating that â€Å" it is non until late childhood and early adolescence that ego and individuality most to the full reflect the interpersonal sphere, including egos that differ depending on the societal context. This is a clip when kids begin to demo greater independency from their households and when equal dealingss addition in importance and strength, peculiarly with respect to appraisals of personal competency † ( Brinthaupt et al, 2002, p. 4 ) . An stripling ‘s social-emotional growing is crafted by their cultural communities, households, equals, and schools, which in bend are set to steer individuality geographic expedition toward their personal ends, values, beliefs, and patterns ( Azmitia et al, 2008, p. 3 ) . A pupil ‘s household plays a major function in the societal development of an adolescent adolescent. Brothers, sisters, and parents are really of import in the manner a adolescent may take to look at school. Younger siblings will look to older siblings as function theoretical accounts, such as â€Å" when an older sibling is a good pupil, the younger sibling may besides vie to go a good pupil besides † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 47 ) . When it comes to parents, striplings should be considered when doing determinations ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 48 ) . â€Å" A good parent to a adolescent is democratic and guides him or her into doing their ain intelligent, cautious determinations. Parents and striplings can discourse family regulations, appropriate haunts, and safety. They will sometimes differ, and this is normal † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 49 ) . Many times turning up adolescents will hold their ain sentiment on things such as drive, curfew, friends, fellows and girlfriends, and their parents may hold a different position. Parents should listen to their kids ‘s logical thinking and be prepared to negociate. Adolescents tend to acquire attitudes and become rebellious towards authorization, particularly when a parent is commanding ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 53 ) . The activity environing a adolescent is what helps them turn and do better determinations later in life. Learning from errors is a major portion of adolescence. â€Å" Harmonizing to Aristotle, immature people entered adolescence as unstable, and by the terminal of the period, they developed a sense of self-denial. The most of import feature of adolescence is the ability to take † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 18 ) . Adolescents face different anxiousnesss when come ining junior high and high school. â€Å" Adolescents feel dying about loss of control, gender, dependence-independence, the demand to be rational, credence by equals, competency, and organic structure image ; these are age-appropriate anxiousnesss that are related to the societal outlooks of that age group † ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 44 ) . Adolescent relationships with their equals can do the most anxiousness because they are seeking to interrupt from dependance to independence from their parents and their friends become the focal point of dignity ( Gumbiner, 2003, p. 45 ) . â€Å" The increasing impact of others ‘ perceptual experience of the ego is partially due to the psychological alterations that take topographic point in adolescence. They start believing about their hereafter and can organize hypotheses about what may or may non alter in their personalities, behaviour, instruction, household, and relationships with fr iends and intimate spouses † ( Brinthaupt et al, 2002, p. 33 ) . â€Å" Adolescents thrive in a acquisition environment where they are motivated personally, guided socially, challenged intellectively, and supported deliberately as they engage in relevant and meaningful acquisition experiences † ( Crawford, 2008, pp. 83-84 ) . Students learn from their milieus and when they are in a schoolroom, instructors need to take the schoolroom environment into history. Crawford besides believes that the usage of flexible grouping is indispensable to their societal dimension that enables pupils to interact with their equals on a assortment of prosecuting, suitably complex undertakings ( 2008, p. 84 ) . â€Å" Adolescents thrive in a nonthreatening puting where they feel emotionally safe to prove thoughts, to utilize their diverse endowments, and to negociate and reflect upon how others perceive them and who they are going as human existences. A safe schoolroom is free of intimidation, embarrassment, confusion, ridicule, defeat, ennui, and societal exc lusion † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 86 ) . â€Å" Social groupings balanced by such factors as gender, ability, leading, job resolution, originative or artistic endowment, cognitive abilities, backgrounds and linguistic communications, and energy degrees are known as folks that are helpful with schoolroom direction and direction † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 89 ) . Social groupings promote societal accomplishments, it builds community among the pupils, and it gives the pupils a sense of belonging ; and this sense of belonging and inclusion in the schoolroom maximizes larning ( Crawford, 2008, p. 89 ) . In the groupings, there needs to be a sense of single answerability. Adolescence may be really societal, but they may non hold the personal accomplishments that are needed for true coaction and instructors need to take that into history when making group undertakings ( Crawford, 2008, p. 93 ) . Having a rubric for group undertakings on each person ‘s public presentation would be a good manner to mensurate what the pupil à ¢â‚¬Ëœs input was on the undertaking and it guarantees that each pupil has done its portion. â€Å" Some elements of an stripling ‘s demands as scholars when a instructor is seeking to learn them are: Avowal: The demand to experience accepted, safe, cared about, listened to, and acknowledged. Contribution: The demand to do a difference, conveying alone positions, collaborate reciprocally on common ends, and aid others win. Purpose: The demand to understand the significance of larning and how it impacts and makes a difference personally and with the drawn-out community. Power: The demand to do picks, create quality work, and have reliable support. Challenge: The demand for work that complements and stretches strengths and, through personal attempt, leads to success and achievement † ( Crawford, 2008, p. 85 ) . Crawford continues to demo how these elements support a positive schoolroom that requires instructors to reflect upon and respond continually to the many ways pupils ‘ differ in preparedness, involvements, larning manners, background, civilization, and place life ( 2008, p. 85 ) . The concluding type of development is psychomotor development. Webster ‘s dictionary defines psychomotor development as a patterned advance acquisition of accomplishments affecting mental and motor activities ( psychomotor development ) . Popham describes measuring psychomotor by aiming a pupil ‘s large-muscle or small-muscle accomplishments ( 2011, p. 35 ) . Psychomotor accomplishments include any such activity affecting motion such as playing athleticss games in gym category, typing on a keyboard, larning how to drive a vehicle, or playing an instrument in set category. It has to make with coordination between your encephalon and the parts of your organic structure such as your custodies, weaponries, pess, and legs. Aims that are normally attempted are imitation, use, preciseness, articulation, and naturalisation ( Clark, 2004 ) . These aims contain certain cardinal words that instructors use when acquiring their pupils to utilize psychomotor accomplishments. â€Å" These cardinal words are: Imitation: Transcript, follow, replicate, repetition, adhere, observe, place, mimic, attempt, reenact, and copy Manipulation: Re-create, construct, execute, put to death, and implement Preciseness: Demonstrate, complete, show, perfect, calibrate, control, and pattern Articulation: Concept, solve, combine, co-ordinate, integrate, adapt, develop, explicate, modify, maestro, better, and learn Naturalization: Design, specify, manage, invent, and project-manage † ( Clark, 2004 ) . In the Classroom Assessment book, Popham explains how Benjamin Bloom and his co-workers were the first to present the differentiation between cognitive, affectional, and psychomotor educational results ( 2011, p. 35 ) . â€Å" In Bloom ‘s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, it showed that a dominant sort of pupil behaviour was seen when instructors devise educational aims for their pupils † ( Popham, 2011, p. 35 ) . These three types of development that were the focal point of this paper are of import to instructors when they are learning. Every schoolroom will hold different types of scholars, because no pupil is merely likewise, and instructors must happen a manner to link and learn every kid what they need to cognize in order to win in high school. Adolescents are traveling through so many alterations and it is a instructor ‘s occupation to understand that these striplings need counsel. By cognizing what type of pupils are in a instructors schoolroom, instructor s can be prepared to measure them in ways they can make each pupil.

Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Essays

Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Essays Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Paper Elderly Co-culture Interview Essay Paper â€Å"Everything has changed since I was your age† . is what my grandma had to state when asked about her experience turning up. My grandma. Mrs. Ruby Parker Sloan was born on December 6th. 1943 in a little town in Ohio. She was raised in a little farmhouse along with 4 sisters. Her female parent was a usual adult female of her clip ; one that stayed at place with the kids. cooked. cleaned and maintained the house. Her male parent was besides a usual adult male of his clip ; one that worked throughout the hours of the twenty-four hours in order to supply for his family-a adult male that had been working since the age of 9 old ages old. My grandma has raised 4 kids. including myself ; so she has seen firsthand the alterations and differences in non merely her and my coevalss. but the coevalss in between. She has experienced the alterations of racism. engineering. parenting. ethical motives. warfare and many other facets of our society. For her. she felt society as a whole has changed dramatically. One of her chief concerns of the differences of now and so was the differences in parenting. She pointed out that during her clip it was unheard of for there to be a school hiting similar to that of the Columbine or Virginia Tech incidents. She felt that had a batch to make with rearing itself ; that parents were evidently non concerned with their kids and/or non involved plenty in their lives to cognize that they were be aftering to perpetrate a mass slaying of their equals with arms stored under their ain roof. Another point that concerned her was the difference in child subject. She is a steadfast truster in â€Å"whipping† your kid instead than â€Å"no. no† and the ill-famed â€Å"five 2nd count† used by parents today. She stated that kids need to understand the effects to certain actions†¦most of which can do injury to themselves or others. One thing she said about her experience as a parent was â€Å"Some childs merely necessitate a good spankin‘â€Å" . My grandma told me that you would neer see a kid stating their parents â€Å"no† or â€Å"I hate you† during her clip. it merely didn’t happen. â€Å"There was a degree of regard between kids and their parents so. something that a batch of childs today merely don’t have any more†¦that’s the parents’ fault† is what she told me. Today’s civilization was something my grandma felt strongly about. She felt that one of the ruins of our civilization today was the publicity of sex everyplace you turn. which â€Å"especially influences the immature 1s of today† she stated. She felt that this advertisement in music. telecasting. and everyplace else you go merely teaches kids the pleasance and exhilaration of sex itself alternatively of the morality and effects involved. My grandma continued to state me a scenario where she was driving to the shop a few hebdomads ago and she heard a vocal with the chorus â€Å"birthday sex† and that the individual singing it sounded really immature. â€Å"What the snake pit is that all about† she said. â€Å"It’s awful how these grownups that promote and advertise this material are okay with it† she stated. My grandma said telecasting didn’t even show pregnant adult females on it when she was turning up. her parents besides slept in different beds during that clip. Elvis Presley was looked upon severely by parents of her clip because of the sexual nature of his dance. â€Å"You can’t even turn to the household channel without seeing a show about a pregnant adolescent or some kind of sexual thing traveling on†¦it’s merely sad† she said. She besides felt that this publicity of sex to childs and immature grownups was the cause of self esteem issues and that it was besides the perpetrator for a batch of childs these yearss â€Å"thinkin’ they’re grown because sex is such a cool and grown up thing to do† . Arouse these yearss. to her. is making nil but directing the incorrect message to immature grownups about self visual aspect and determination devising when it comes down to compensate or wrong. When my grandma was turning up engineering was. a fortunate household on the street having a black and white telecasting. There was no electronic mail. texting. cell-phones. etc. Peoples still entirely relied on the old fashioned cast and envelope method†¦or even a more advanced version†¦the wire. My grandma ever mentions how much she loves her high definition. level screen telecasting ; something she could neer conceive of bing as a kid. My grandma ever seems to be amazed by engineering today. and it besides seems she is normally 10 old ages behind the apprehension of today’s engineering. During our conversation. she continually referred to her DVD participant as a â€Å"VCR† . She besides seemed amazed by the promotion in today’s computing machine and picture games to that of even when I was a kid with a first coevals Nintendo. My grandma has been around to travel from the record participant. 8track participant. cassette participant. Cadmium participant. all the manner to the digital MP3 participants that can keep 1000s of vocals in something half the size of a deck of cards. â€Å"it merely amazes me†¦technology today†¦just imagine where it will be when you’re [ me ] my age! † she said. Talking to my grandma in an interview manner was a really interesting experience. It gave me penetration on a different clip that was experienced by someone†¦a clip that has passed and will neer be relived the same. It caused me to believe of how I am at the same point in my life that she was at my age ; it besides caused me to inquire how things will differ from today and two coevalss from now. Society has changed drastically since my grandmothers’ coevals and it will go on to turn throughout mine the same†¦hopefully for the better. but I guess it’s all about who you ask.

Free Essays on Judy Garland

Judy Garland 1922-1969 Judy Garland was born on June 10, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota to her father Francis Gumm and mother Ethel Milne. Judy’s birth name is Frances Gumm. Judy did not change her name until 1934,she took the name â€Å"Judy† because she liked the peppy sound of it. Judy was the youngest of her two sisters, Mary Jane and Dorothy Virginia. Judy made her show business "debut" during a Christmas show at her parents' theater in Grand Rapids on December 26. 1924,she was two years old. She sang numerous verses of "Jingle Bells" and thoroughly enchanted the audience. Mary Jane and Dorothy were already performing as a song and dance duo at the time. The sisters became a trio shortly after Judy’s debut. They were known as The Gumm Sisters, and appeared at theaters and social functions in and around Grand Rapids. Judy made a total of 43 films in a 13-year period. Also, Judy made her own record with MGM. Unfortunately, in the midst of her glory and fame she became in volved with drugs, which was soon to be the cause of her death. However, the price and pressure of fame was too high for Judy. If her physical appearance changed or her voice wasn’t perfect, she would not get paid. Judy was prescribed Benzedrine and Phenobarbital to control her appetite and weight. Judy had trouble sleeping, due to stress, therefore she relied on sleeping pills. Unknowingly, Judy became addicted to the powerful psychiatric drugs. The drugs had both a physical and mental side effects. Even her friends began to notice differences in the way she looked and acted. Judy lost weight and dark-blue circles were appearing under her eyes. Judy began to seek medical attention. She saw Dr. Frederick Hacker every day. Despite the help and counseling Judy was receiving, her problems only worsened. Judy’s behavior was becoming â€Å"erratic, disruptive, and demoralizing.† Not only that, but her difficulties were becoming public.... Free Essays on Judy Garland Free Essays on Judy Garland Judy Garland 1922-1969 Judy Garland was born on June 10, 1922 in Grand Rapids, Minnesota to her father Francis Gumm and mother Ethel Milne. Judy’s birth name is Frances Gumm. Judy did not change her name until 1934,she took the name â€Å"Judy† because she liked the peppy sound of it. Judy was the youngest of her two sisters, Mary Jane and Dorothy Virginia. Judy made her show business "debut" during a Christmas show at her parents' theater in Grand Rapids on December 26. 1924,she was two years old. She sang numerous verses of "Jingle Bells" and thoroughly enchanted the audience. Mary Jane and Dorothy were already performing as a song and dance duo at the time. The sisters became a trio shortly after Judy’s debut. They were known as The Gumm Sisters, and appeared at theaters and social functions in and around Grand Rapids. Judy made a total of 43 films in a 13-year period. Also, Judy made her own record with MGM. Unfortunately, in the midst of her glory and fame she became in volved with drugs, which was soon to be the cause of her death. However, the price and pressure of fame was too high for Judy. If her physical appearance changed or her voice wasn’t perfect, she would not get paid. Judy was prescribed Benzedrine and Phenobarbital to control her appetite and weight. Judy had trouble sleeping, due to stress, therefore she relied on sleeping pills. Unknowingly, Judy became addicted to the powerful psychiatric drugs. The drugs had both a physical and mental side effects. Even her friends began to notice differences in the way she looked and acted. Judy lost weight and dark-blue circles were appearing under her eyes. Judy began to seek medical attention. She saw Dr. Frederick Hacker every day. Despite the help and counseling Judy was receiving, her problems only worsened. Judy’s behavior was becoming â€Å"erratic, disruptive, and demoralizing.† Not only that, but her difficulties were becoming public....

The Asch Conformity Experiments and Social Pressure

The Asch Conformity Experiments and Social Pressure The Asch Conformity Experiments, conducted by psychologist Solomon Asch in the 1950s, demonstrated the power of conformity in groups and showed that even simple objective facts cannot withstand the distorting pressure of group influence. The Experiment In the experiments, groups of male university students were asked to participate in a perception test. In reality, all but one of the participants were confederates (collaborators with the experimenter who only pretended to be participants). The study was about how the remaining student would react to the behavior of the other participants. The participants of the experiment (the subject as well as the confederates) were seated in a classroom and were presented with a card with a simple vertical black line drawn on it. Then, they were given a second card with three lines of varying length labeled A, B, and C. One line on the second card was the same length as that on the first, and the other two lines were obviously longer and shorter. Participants were asked to state out loud in front of each other which line, A, B, or C, matched the length of the line on the first card. In each experimental case, the confederates answered first, and the real participant was seated so that he would answer last. In some cases, the confederates answered correctly, while in others, the answered incorrectly. Aschs goal was to see if the real participant would be pressured to answer incorrectly in the instances when the Confederates did so, or whether their belief in their own perception and correctness would outweigh the social pressure provided by the responses of the other group members. Results Asch found that one-third of real participants gave the same wrong answers as the Confederates at least half the time. Forty percent gave some wrong answers, and only one-fourth gave correct answers in defiance of the pressure to conform to the wrong answers provided by the group. In interviews he conducted following the trials, Asch found that those that answered incorrectly, in conformance with the group, believed that the answers given by the Confederates were correct, some thought that they were suffering a lapse in perception for originally thinking an answer that differed from the group, while others admitted that they knew that they had the correct answer, but conformed to the incorrect answer because they didnt want to break from the majority. The Asch experiments have been repeated many times over the years with students and non-students, old and young, and in groups of different sizes and different settings. The results are consistently the same with one-third to one-half of the participants making a judgment contrary to fact, yet in conformity with the group, demonstrating the strong power of social influences. Connection to Sociology The results of Aschs experiment resonate with what we know to be true about the nature of social forces and norms in our lives. The behavior and expectations of others shape how we think and act on a daily basis because what we observe among others teaches us what is normal, and expected of us. The results of the study also raise interesting questions and concerns about how knowledge is constructed and disseminated, and how we can address social problems that stem from conformity, among others. Updated  by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Red tails movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Red tails - Movie Review Example This is a story of a young black pilot who overcame racism and hatred, managed to unite his brothers in blood and created the first ever air battalion composed entirely of African Americans. The directors of the movie did not dwell a lot, or put a stress on racial discrimination of those times. People know that it was there, but the spotlight is not put on this problems, the viewer just sees the life of ordinary people, their struggles, their fights. And exactly this makes this movie very remarkable, and helps the viewer see the problem deeper and live through it, in a way. The genre of the movie is action, but this is not just that. This is the story of friendship, self-sacrifice, and honor, as well as the ups and downs that the heroes of the movie are going through, when they do not feel like heroes at all. The pilots were not there for glory or fame, they had a job to do, they had to obey orders, and they did it. They fought for their countrymen and for their fellows. This is not the story of the World War II, or the glory of the America, this is a story of people, and this makes it closer and more understandable to each one in the audience. These pilots put up their lives for the country that considered them second-class citizens, and this is remarkable. The cast of the movie is outstanding. The spotlight is put on several major characters performed by Terrence Howard (as Colonel Bullard), Nate Parker (as Mary â€Å"Easy† Julian), Tristan Wilds (as Ray Junior Gannon), and some others. The actors managed to reflect the characters they were playing naturally and accurately. The big plus of the movie is that the cast and the director of the movie have worked closely with the original airmen, so they know the story firsthand. The characters of the movie have their share of differences, since they are all just humans, at the same time the viewer can feel the real spirit of brotherhood and camaraderie between the characters. There are

Financial Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial Management - Case Study Example determine the best strategy for the company, there is the need to understand fully the external and internal environmental factors that affect the company1. The analysis of the company production and pricing for a certain period should be based on influences by the external and internal environmental factors. In order to come up with a good plan for the coming year, the Amalgamated Industries Limited (AIL) should reflect on the previous year’s activities on their production and pricing. Developing an improved strategy for production and pricing would help in maximizing the overall AIL profits in the upcoming year. The production speed should ensure quality of the materials. Quality materials would buy the customer trust and thus establish a long lasting relationship with the customers. The company should also ensure minimal expenditures on its production. Production process should take the cheapest means possible. This would allow for improve profits which would enable the company to cater for other internal and external expenses. The company should only adopt assets which give significant annual returns. The recommended changes may have some slight effect on the individual divisions. Elimination of some assets from the current organization would change the structure of the company’s portfolio. Dormant Investments from within the company should be eliminated while the company should adopt new assets which would keep records of the highest percentage of annual returns. Another recommendation is that the Compubase Inc. (CI) should offer a reduced price to $1.800 for all chips supplied to the PTL. However, these would affect the expected profits by the PTL Company. Production of quality materials would mean increasing the company’s investment on raw materials and of its services of production. This would win their trust by customers. However, this would affect the expected profits by the divisions in their short term plans. Ensuring minimized expenditures

School of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

School of Nursing - Essay Example I feel that there would be plenty of opportunities for me after I earn a degree in nursing. I also think that this profession is very rewarding. Besides the fact that this would give me financial stability, being a nurse would give me an opportunity to practice a profession that focuses mainly on the well being of other people. Five years from now, I see myself practicing this career on a full-time basis and in one of the big hospitals in Florida. As mentioned above, I am currently involved in doing health care as a Nursing Assistant. By taking up Nursing, I would be moving up one step further to being able to be of service in the field of medicine and health care. I feel that this is a job that I would truly enjoy doing for a long time. Ten years from now, I see myself still continuing this profession and perhaps, looking forward to the  studying a particular area of specialization. I am aware that this field continues to evolve with the discovery of new diseases and medicines. Wi th this knowledge, I wish to further pursue post graduate studies so that I would continue to be competitive and qualified to provide nursing services. My admission into the Seminole Community College’s basic nursing program serves as a great challenge for me. My performance as a student under this program would determine if I would be qualified to further participate in SCC’s.My admission into Seminole Community College’s basic nursing program serves as a great challenge for me.

Book Review on a Non-Fictoion book related to violence Essay

Book Review on a Non-Fictoion book related to violence - Essay Example David Crowe made a serious attempt to collect information on all aspects of Oskar Schindler’s life, be it family, business, or political and what evolved is the description of this controversial character not by subjective emotions but backed by documents. Crowe did prodigious research, reading everything, speaking to everyone, examining each document, actively collecting historical records, and in the end came to gather more information about Oskar than Oskar himself might be aware of. While exploring individual life of Oskar, the historian also gave vivid description of the wider political and economic environment under which he worked. The historian remains in touch with the Spielberg’s masterpiece and Keneally’s touching novel and gave inputs, which were not hitherto presented by them due to their limitations as historian. Crowe aptly performs the role of a historian with his readers on this personality, informing them not only of the story but also of source s of each measured judgment. David Crowe went into depth into each and every aspect of the shaping up of a character of Oskar based on as many official and personal documents which he can gather actively by various sources, hitherto unpublished. It is a book, which in the process of presenting the biography of a personality also gives numerous account of the social, economic, and political environment of the Germany during the period of Holocaust. The book is an attempt to synchronize the life history or rather various emotions through which Oskar underwent to the circumstances surrounding him. This book is a definitive treatise on Oskar Schindler, who despite all his shortcomings, underwent a transformation and became the single largest German rescuer of Jews. David Crowe has studiously and meticulously presented the saga or plight of a man, who started by being targeted only with himself but ended up becoming a messiah for many Jews in true term. It is a must for

MKTG sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MKTG sustainability - Essay Example Placement refers to the concept of places of buying and selling. Marketing sustainability is a revolutionary idea that is essential for guiding the objectives of marketing. It introduces the social aspects of marketing. Marketing sustainability relates to the philosophy of corporate social responsibility. It comes handy in the face of globalization whereby customer attraction and retention activities are becoming intense. The philosophy entails marketing activities that goes beyond profit seeking. It links market share, profitability and good ethics (Nwankwo and Gbadamosi 369). It becomes vital to handle the market in a way that still contributes to the well being of society. Sustainability marketing adds two concepts to the four orientations of marketing. In this sense, marketing includes product and production orientation. In addition, it entails sales and market orientation. Lastly, it entails societal and social marketing orientation. It includes broad categories such as ecological and environmental marketing. It also entails ethical marketin g and elements of social responsibility. Sustainable marketing should be able to meet the requirements of the present generations without jeopardizing the lives of future generations (Nwankwo and Gbadamosi 370). It is defined as the production and creation of sustainable marketing solutions while continuing the satisfaction of consumers and stakeholders. Such marketing should satisfy three conditions. To begin with, the customers should attain their needs. Similarly, organizations should meet their needs. Thirdly, the marketing process should be compatible with ecosystems. This suggests two things. First, marketing respects the profit value of businesses. Additionally, this marketing is sensitive and it respects both the natural and social environments. Ethics refer to the values and moral principles that inform on conduct of individuals and organizations. The business is part of the society. However, its

Book Review on a Non-Fictoion book related to violence Essay

Book Review on a Non-Fictoion book related to violence - Essay Example David Crowe made a serious attempt to collect information on all aspects of Oskar Schindler’s life, be it family, business, or political and what evolved is the description of this controversial character not by subjective emotions but backed by documents. Crowe did prodigious research, reading everything, speaking to everyone, examining each document, actively collecting historical records, and in the end came to gather more information about Oskar than Oskar himself might be aware of. While exploring individual life of Oskar, the historian also gave vivid description of the wider political and economic environment under which he worked. The historian remains in touch with the Spielberg’s masterpiece and Keneally’s touching novel and gave inputs, which were not hitherto presented by them due to their limitations as historian. Crowe aptly performs the role of a historian with his readers on this personality, informing them not only of the story but also of source s of each measured judgment. David Crowe went into depth into each and every aspect of the shaping up of a character of Oskar based on as many official and personal documents which he can gather actively by various sources, hitherto unpublished. It is a book, which in the process of presenting the biography of a personality also gives numerous account of the social, economic, and political environment of the Germany during the period of Holocaust. The book is an attempt to synchronize the life history or rather various emotions through which Oskar underwent to the circumstances surrounding him. This book is a definitive treatise on Oskar Schindler, who despite all his shortcomings, underwent a transformation and became the single largest German rescuer of Jews. David Crowe has studiously and meticulously presented the saga or plight of a man, who started by being targeted only with himself but ended up becoming a messiah for many Jews in true term. It is a must for

Management consultant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management consultant - Essay Example It is not possible for a management consulting firm to render services in a domain in which it has no expertise. This will not only create a bad reputation in the market about the consulting firm but it would also not be able to retain its customers. This might adversely affect its business prospects. So while choosing clients a management consulting firm needs to chalk out the areas where it can offer management solutions to its clients. Identification of potential client organisations can be effectively done by choosing proper market segmentation strategies based on the nature of services offered by the organisations, the type of product it manufactures, its market position and the overall size of the company. In order to attract clients, proper promotional strategies such as various forms of advertising, should be adopted by the management consultancy firm. The consultancy firm would decide on such strategies by identifying the areas where it has expertise. This can be done by undergoing a thorough internal research and will be followed by enlisting the nature of services offered by it to its clients, the type of solutions provided, whether it is solely IT based or they act as change consultants, or act as catalysts in triggering certain changes within an organisation. Such things should be specifically and clearly mentioned by the consultancy firm so that in future it does not result in ambiguity. This informatio n would help the client organisations to understand the nature of services provided by the management consultancy firm and if they feel that their need matches with the expertise of the consultancy firm, then they would seek its help. Moreover, seminars on common management problems, which may be faced by most of the organisations, and the possible solutions to mitigate its effect, would help the management consultancy firm to attract increasing number of clients. The management consultancy firm needs to be up to date with the changes that are occurring in the area where it proposes to offer solutions so that it can earn the trust and the confidence of its clients. To make a more profound effect on the potential clients, the management consultancy firm must hire external experts to express their point of view on a common problem area faced by most organisations and this can be followed by a junior consultant's presentation in support of the views expressed(Kolli S., 2000.). This wou ld help the consultancy firm to convey the message to its clients that it is capable of providing the necessary solutions needed to help the client organisation register higher growth. To identify potential clients, being a management consultant, the help of various directories would be taken. These directories gives an overview of the type of business that the potential client organisations are presently in and provides the address and the contact details to the consultancy firm. This acts as a guide for the consultancy firm to reach its clients and find out whether any type of consulting services is required by them or not. Management consultancy had become a need of almost every organisation which wants to cope with the changing needs of the business scenario. The roles played by the consultancies usually differ from being just a catalyst, to being a mentor or a

Investing in Futures and Options Essay Example for Free

Investing in Futures and Options Essay INTRODUCTION Of late, investors who are in the stock and commodity are focusing their attention towards risk management especially due to high volatility nature. Since these volatility movements are uncertain, it has become foremost cause of vagueness for such investors. Since the globalization of trade and free trade between major countries has become the order of the day, all most all the investors have to be under mercy of the exchange rate fluctuations which results in volatility   .The notion that exchange rates , profitability and other factors   influence a firm’s value and therefore the price of its stock is widely held by financial analyst ,economists and corporate managers . The liberalization of economic policies and investment policies due to world trade organization’s (WTO) free flow of investments and trade between member countries and bilateral free trade agreements between countries have augmented internationalization of economic activity and exceptional era of world wide currency and interest rates instability. To counter these financial risks, new pioneering concept commodity and stock market hedging techniques have nurtured at a rapid speed. The main feature of the using derivatives through hedging is to have control over the financial risk and minimizing the effect of uncertain cash flows. Financial institutions have come to rescue to these corporations who have exposure to financial risk with the range of products to assist in risk management. By far the most significant event in finance during the past decade has been the extraordinary development and expansion of financial derivatives. These instruments enhance the ability to differentiate risk and allocate it to the investors most able and   willing to take it – a process that has undoubtedly improved national productivity growth and standards of living .’ Allen Green Span, Chairman, Board of Governors of the US Federal Reserve System. The structural advantage of derivatives i.e. leverage or gearing   makes them suitable for managing risk can also result in the generation of leveraged profits or in the event of adverse market movement , a significant losses. The main advantage of gearing is that the buyer or seller need only to cough up a small proportion of total price at the time of deal is executed. It may be 1% and 8% depending upon the volatility of the underlying commodity or instrument. In the case of exchange traded transactions, this deposit is recognized as â€Å"initial margin† and is expected to reflect the amount by which the price of a contract may vary in one day’s trading. At the day end, all contracts will be valued and if the price has been found to move against the position, the losing party will have to pay further â€Å"variation margin† calls. In contrary, if the price movement is positive, credit will be given to the party .It is this element of gearing that provides the opportunity to make large gains or losses. Prudent handling of this leverage will result in considerable profit maximization and if it handled inexpertly, may generate losses .In some cases , these losses though high but they are few in number when measured against volume of business and number of participants in derivative business .The contributory factors for sustaining loss includes excessive position taking ( in relation to capital) , fraudulent activity , unexpected market moves, ineffective risk management, insufficient product understanding and inadequacies in corporate policy governing their use. What is a derivative? Derivative is a mathematical word which refers to a variable, which has been derived from another variable and they have no values of their own. Derivatives derive their value from the value of some other asset, which is referred as the underlying. For instance, a derivative of the shares of AT T Corporation (underlying), will derive its value from the share price (value) of AT T Corporation. Likewise, a derivative contract on wheat depends upon the price of wheat. An agreement or an option to buy or sell the underlying asset of the derivative up to a certain time in the future at a predetermined price i.e. the exercise price by way of special contract is known as derivative contract. The contract also has a flat expiry period mostly in the range of 3 to 12 months from the date of origination of the contract. The price of the underlying asset and the expiry period of the contract determine the value of the contract. Financial derivatives comprises of underlying financial asset like currency, debt instruments, equity shares, share price index etc.Exchange-traded derivatives are derivative contracts that has been standardized and traded on the stock exchanges. Over-the –counter derivatives is one which has been customized as per the requirements of the user by negotiating with the other party involved. Some of the common forms of derivatives are Futures, Forwards and Options. Futures: Futures are the derivative contracts that give the holder the chance to buy or sell the underlying asset at a pre-specified price some time in the near future and usually thy come with standardized form like contract size, fixed expiry time and price. The future market is one where continues auction market and exchanges presenting the recent information about the supply and demand as regards to individual commodities or financial instruments like stocks . In other words, future market is one where buyers and sellers of variety of commodities, financial instruments get together to trade. The main aim of the future market is to manage price risk. The future price risk is averted by buying or selling futures contract, with a price level arrived at now, for items to be delivered in future. This is achieved by hedging which helps to shield against the risk of an adverse price change in the near future or use of futures to lock in an acceptable margin between their purchase and their selling price. In futures, bankers, farmers, traders, manufacturers will arrange for the purchase or sale of a futures contract. In future market, commodities are broken down into five categories namely agriculture, metallurgical, interest bearingassets, jndexes and foreign currency. Agricultural futures market includes oats, corn , wheat , soybeans , soy meal ,soyoil,sunflower oil ,cattles , live hogs   and pork bellies, lumber , plywood ,cotton, coffee, cocoa, rice, orange juice and sugar. For every one of these commodities, different contract months are available and it depends upon the harvest cycle. More aggressively traded commodities usually have more contract months available and a new type of contract is available almost every month to meet the growing institutional and corporate market. Futures on Metallurgical Products: Petroleum products and metals is being covered under this group and it includes platinum, gold, silver, palladium, copper, gasoline, crude oil, propane and heating oil. Every month a new type of contract emerges to cater the needs of ever increasing institutional and corporate market. Assets which bears interest: This has its origin during 1975 and products in these categories include treasury bonds, Treasury Bills, Municipal Bonds, Treasury Notes and Eurodollar deposits. It is also possible to trade contracts with the same maturity but different expected interest rate differentials. Futures on Indexes: Now futures are available on most chief indexes such as New York Stock Exchange Composite, SP 500, New York Stock Exchange Utility index, Russell 2000, Commodity Research Bureau (CRB), SP 400 Midcap, FT-Se 100 Index (London) and Value line. These stock index features are settled in cash and there is no delivery of goods is involved in this method. A trader has to settle his positions by buying or selling an offsetting position or in cash at expiration. Foreign Currency Futures: During the post war period, the exchange rates and interest rates were stable and the mechanism of fixed exchange rates of the Bretton Woods era enabled the corporations to know in advance their foreign exchange liabilities for their imports. But the collapse of Bretton Woods’s system after the war resulted in the introduction of general floating exchange rates replacing the earlier fixed system. The introduction of floating exchange rates have resulted in large unexpected movements in exchange rates that too in unforeseen directions and magnitudes which affected interest rate movements as the monetary establishment tried to influence the exchange rates by movements in interest rates. It is to be noted that the forward market in currencies is much bigger than the foreign exchange futures market. Further, there are cross currency futures that are being traded and these includes Deutsch mark / yen, Deutsch mark / French franc. Forwards Options: Forward is another form of a derivative contract but tailored to the needs of the user in terms of expiry date, contract size, and price. These contracts confer the holder the option to buy or sell the under lying at a pre-determined price some time in the future .Call option is one where the buyer has given his option to buy the underlying at the near future .Where as an option to sell the underlying at a specified price in the future is called as Put Option. As regards to the option contract, the buyer is not obliged to exercise the option contract. Generally, options can be traded on the stock exchange or on the OTC. In option, the participants may assume a position in an underlying futures contract at a certain price which is known as exercise or strike price within a particular period of time. The price or premium of the option is determined through action market trading. Swaps: Swaps contract was introduced in 1981 and can be considered as one of the latest financial innovations to manage financial risks. The contracting parties are obliged to exchange specified cash flows at specified intervals under a swap contract. In a nutshell, a swap contract can be defined as a series of forward contracts put together. If the exchange of interest rate payments in one currency for payments in another currency is devised, then it amounts to a currency swap. If the exchange between two parties of interest obligations or receipts in the same currency on an agreed amount of notional principal for an agreed period of time is devised, then it is known as interest rate swap. An interest rate swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange interest payments calculated on different bases over a period of time. Under interest rate swap, one party to the contract makes fixed –rate payments while the other party’s payments are based on a floating rate such as LIBOR. For instance, if a company which has borrowed from a bank at a floating rate (7 m LIBOR) may want to swap that for a fixed rate (7m LIBOR) so that they can cover the risk if the interest rates go up. On one side, they pay 7% (of the agreed notional principal) and receive 7m LIBOR and on the other side they pay 7m LIBOR straight out to repay their loan. Thus they have converted a floating rate loan into a fixed rate loan. The said bank may manages its own risk from the above swap transaction by backing it out with another swap , say by paying 6.95% for 7m LIBOR and thus they earn a profit of 0.5% difference thus avoiding the risk in the interest rate changes . The other different types of interest rate swap are: Basis swap: For instance, swapping 2m LIBOR for 4m LIBOR. Basic swaps are mostly used by mortgage companies because the get the mortgage payments on monthly basis. Both fixed Currency Swap : Both fixed and say fixed $ for fixed  £ Both floating currency swap: 2m $ LIBOR for 4 m Yen LIBOR. Cross Currency Swap: fixed  £ for 2m CHF LIBOR. Companies derive more flexibility to exploit their comparative advantage in their respective borrowing markets under currency swaps. Under interest rate swap, corporations try to focus on their comparative advantage in borrowing in a single currency in the short end of the maturity spectrum vs. the long –end of the maturity spectrum. USES OF DERIVATIVES: Derivatives are mainly used for speculation or hedging. For speculation, derivatives offer us leverage. For instance, instead of buying  £ 5Million bond in the anticipation that its price will rise up, one can buy an option on that bond, which might only cost  £ 2000. The profit chances or opportunities are the same less the price of the option but the risk is much less as the most we can loose in this deal is the option price ( £ 2000). For hedging, derivatives let you to seal the price now for a trade in future or at least limits the rise or fall of that price. An UK company holding a US bond which is on the verge of its maturity could buy an interest rate option to guarantee the dollar / sterling rate did not diminish the value of its bond. Volatility is regarded as the most precise measure of risk and its return. The greater the volatility, the greater the risk and the reward as it is evidenced in the transaction from bull to bear markets. It is to be observed in the bearish market, volatility and risk augment while returns disappear including short –selling returns. History: The very first exchange for trading derivatives started by Royal Exchange in London, which allowed forward contract. Likewise, the first future contract was introduced to Yodoya rice market in Osaka, Japan in 1650. Then in 1848, Chicago Board of Trade was started to handle futures market of US. Russell Sage, a famous New York financier introduced synthetic loans using the principle of put-call parity. Sage could able to create a synthetic loan by fixing the put, call and strike prices with interest rate poignantly higher than the US usury law permitted. Chicago Mercantile Exchange started International Monetary Market in 1972 which permitted trading in currency futures. The Chicago Board of Trade started first interest rate futures in 1975.Treasury bill futures contract was introduced in 1975 by Merc. The Chicago Board Options Exchange was started in 1973 and there were publications for the first time option pricing model of Fischer Black and Myron Scholes. Chicago Board Options Exchange created an option on an index of stocks which was originally known as CBOE 100 index which later known as SP 100. During 1980, Swaps and other over-the –counter derivatives were introduced. It was in 1994, the derivative trade witnessed a series of huge losses and this affected experienced trading firms like Metallgesellschaft and Procter and Gamble. Orange country, California which is the America’s wealthiest city was declared as bankruptcy due to derivative trading and use of leverage in a portfolio of short -term Treasury securities. DERIVATIVES OR DESTRUCTIVE? A CASE STUDY OF BARINGS, UK. Baring Brothers, a British merchant bank went to bankruptcy in 1995 after incurring a whooping loss of  £ 860 million occurred on the Singapore and Osaka derivative exchanges. Nick Leeson, the bank’s star trader and absence of management controls to monitor his activities were the main reasons for this debacle. During the period between 1992 and 1995, Lesson built up positions in futures and options contracts on the Nikkei 225 stock exchange index, which proved highly profitable in the early years. Futures positions were bought by Lesson on the Nikkei index and financed cash calls on them as they fell in value by selling put options on the contract, thereby producing a straddle and thus betting against volatility of the market. Simex derivative exchange in Singapore were used to book the contracts and he run a hedged position on Nikkei index futures and make money by arbitraging between Singapore and Osaka markets. However he ceased hedging on the purchases made in Singapore and took on risk. Due to unexpected volatility in the market, losses were incurred and these losses in fact exceeded the net worth of Baring Bank .Lesson was later imprisoned for the falsification of records in an attempt to cover up his activities. The rationale of this case law is to elucidate how a bank can face bankruptcy if there is no proper risk management system is in force. The case also establishes the concept of ‘value at risk ‘(VAR) which is a simple method to express the risk of a portfolio. Because of the recent derivatives disasters, end-users, regulators, financial institutions and central bankers are now resorting to VAR as a method to foster stability in financial markets .The case illustrates how VAR could have been utilized to Baring Bank case to warn its management of the risk they were facing in advance. VOLATILITY: Volatility has its effect on administered market and it is high when both supply and demand are inelastic and liable to random shocks. According to Rudiger Dornbusch, market always overshoots in reaction to unexpected changes in economic variables. Volatility is a type of market incompetence and it is a reaction to uncertainty and excessive volatility is unreasonable. Volatility in stock and commodity market is represented by sharp changes in prices and inventory levels and level of volatility itself has fluctuated over the time. Changes in future prices, spot prices and inventories are influenced by changes in volatility Volatility is a determinant of changes in price expressed in percentage terms without regard to direction especially in stock price and stock index levels , commodities and in financial intermediaries .For example , an increase from 200 to 201 in one index is as same as the volatility terms to an increase in 100 to 101 in another index , because both changes are 1% and as this 1% increase is equal to volatility terms to a 1 % price decline .There are four ways to explain the volatility or movement and they are historical volatility , future volatility , expected volatility and implied volatility . Historical volatility is an appraiser of actual price variation during a particular period in the past. Future volatility refers annualized standard deviation of daily returns during particular future period basically between current and an option expiration. Expected volatility is an investor’s forecast of volatility utilized in an option method to gauge the theoretical value of an option. Implied volatility is the volatility percentage that illustrates the current market price of an option and it is the indicator of an option’s price. Volatility is described as standard deviation of the yield of an asset and the value of an option always increases with volatility. The greater the volatility, the higher the option chance during its life and convertible to the underlying asset at a marginal profit and this methodology has been proved in the Black-Scholes formula. Black-scholes formula yield results during trends and unsuccessful when the market change sign. â€Å" The implied volatilities are efficient forecasts of future volatility since varying market conditions cause volatilities to change through time stochastically and traditional volatilities   can not correct itself to varying market conditions as ghastly .Stochastic volatility contradicts the assumption required by the Black-Scholes model –if volatilities do modify stochastically through moment in time, the Black-Scholes method is no longer the correct pricing method and an implied volatility derived from the Black-Scholes formula provides no fresh information. Black-Scholes formula is lacking on certain issues like the oblique volatilities of various options on the identical stock tend to differ disregarding the formulas hypothesize that a single stock can be correlated with only one value of implied volatility. The Black-Scholes formula mainly ignores the distribution of stock prices in US market.   Some studies have revealed severe deviation from the price process fundamental to Black-Scholes formula like excess kurtosis, skewness, time varying volatilities and serial correlation. Further Black –scholes deals with stochastic volatility poorly and it relies on impractical assumption that market dickers endlessly thereby ignoring institutional constraints and transaction costs. Stock Charting: Stock charting is the process of a graphical sequence record enables it easier to dapple the effect of cardinal happenings on authoritarian security’s price., its functioning over a period of time and whether it’s trading its higher or its lower or in between these. Traders are very particular in daily, intraday data to forecast short-term price movements.   Investors rely on weekly and monthly charts to mark long term trends and movements. Line chart, Bar chart, Candlestick Chart and point and figure chart are some of the examples of stock charting method.   Arithmetic and semi-log arithmetic scales are two methods of price scaling used in the stock charting method. When the price range is hemmed within a tight range and used in general for short-term charts and trading. Semi-log scales are useful for long term charts to estimate the percentage movements over a foresighted period of time including large movements. Stock and other securities are estimated in relative terms through tools lime PE, Price/Revenues and Price/Book and as such it will be more useful to analyse in percentage terms. Ocillator: This is an indicator which is calculated by taking 10 day moving average of the difference between the numbers of advancing and defining issues for authoritarian given index. An indicator will reflect whether an index is gaining or losing impetus, so the size of the moves is more significant than the level of the current reading. The level of the reading is influenced by how the oscillator changes each day thereby dropping a value ten days ago and adding today’s value. The scale in moves is also helpful when it is compared with the divergence from the index price. If the Dow climaxes at the same time, the oscillator peaks in overbought area and suggests a top. Divergence is said to be negative and momentum is declining when index makes a new high but the oscillator fails to make a higher .One can buy if the index declines at this point but oscillator moves into oversold territory. If the oscillator rises above a previous overbought level though the index rises but does not make new heights, it is said to be upside momentum exists to continue the rally. Support: A support level is the price at which buyers are anticipated to enter the market in considerable numbers to take control from sellers. As the market has its track record, when price falls to a new low and then soars, the buyers who ignored on the first low will be persuaded to buy if price returns to that level back .Fearing of missing out the opportunity for the second time, these traders may enter into market in adequate numbers to take control from sellers. As the result, there is a rally strengthening sensitivity that price is unlikely to fall further thereby creating a support level. Resistance: The price level at which the sellers are anticipated to enter the market in sizeable numbers to take control from buyers is known as resistance level. If price makes a new High and then move back, sellers who ignored the previous High will be predisposed to sell when price returns to that level back. Fearing of missing the opportunity for the second time, these sellers may enter the market in large numbers to overwhelm buyers. As the result, market perception will be reinforced that price is unlikely to increase higher and form a resistance level. CANDLE CHARTING: It is a price chart that shows the open, low, the high and close for a stock each day over a specified period of time .It is known as Japanese candles because they used to analyse the price of rice contracts. When the close is higher than the open , the same is represented by an white empty box in the candle charting .When the close is lower than the open , then it is represented by a solid black candle ,Colored candles are used to reflect the day’s volume. Investment strategies in stock and options Following is the most of common investment strategies for keeping investment objectives, financial means and risk tolerance. Despite of market crash in 1929, market break in 1987, market correction in 1989 and though the prices of all securities fell down drastically but broad movement of the market has seen their value steadily increased. One of the strategies is to buy and hold for long the high quality stocks or futures of stock or commodities .The buy –and-hold strategy offers one to profit from this long term forward trend of the stock market. Further, dividend investment plan offers small investors a painless method of building wealth. Dollar –Cost Averaging: This is also a long term strategy and one has to invest in a stock or mutual fund or futures at regular intervals monthly, quarterly or semiannually. The success of dollar-cost averaging relies on consistency of amount invested and the regularity of the payments so as to minimize pricing and timing risk. The success of the Dollar cost averaging depends upon the following factors. The plan for the investment should be for a long period i.e. from 7 years to 10 years .In the last 100 years, there were about 40 recessions or market corrections or a downturn about every 3 years and If one carry on to invest through about three of these corrections, the profits of dollar-cost averaging tend to be maximized. 2 .Investment at regular intervals is most preferred. Investment should be made regularly regardless of the price of the stock. Give preference to high quality of stocks or mutual funds and a company or fund with history of habitual dividend payments and possible for capital appreciation is a better choice. One has to make sure that he has enough strength so that he can adhere to the plan through highs and lows and sell out at the peak and thus the money allocated for dollar-cost averaging result in wealth-building funds, not committed funds.[i] Going Short: An investor who prefers short i.e. enters into futures contract by agreeing to sell and deliver the underlying at a price and wishes to make profit from declining price levels and thereby selling high now , the contract can be repurchased in the future at a lesser price thus creating a profit for the investor. 16.Spreads: It involve taking benefit of the price difference between two different contracts of the same commodity and spreading is believed to be the most conventional forms of trading in the futures market because it is much safer than the trading long / short futures contract. There are different types of spread namely calendar spread, inter-exchange spread and inter-market spread. Swing Trading: It denotes a technique of placing emphasis on playing the swings in the PPS, selling on the highs and buying on the lows rather than the swiftness of the trade. To complete the swing trade, it may need more than a day, a week or authoritarian month or longer period and channeling stock is pursued by the some swing traders. Flipping: It refers the process of trading a stock very quickly with in minutes or hours etc as past as possible may be on the same day. It is often used to explain a buy and sell with a share that is running and where the trader buys the stock as it is moving up and sells the same on even a higher point in a short period of time. A flipper aim is to maximize his profits by emphasizing on fast trades to earn quick profits. The risk is also less downside as the trader sits in a stock for a less time. [i] Hall, Alvin D., and Carolyn M. Brown. Investment Strategies Made Easy: Heres How to Overcome Your Fears of the Market and Invest like a Pro. Black Enterprise Mar. 1994: 66+. 2.Fisher, Black and Myron Scholes, â€Å"The pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities â€Å"The Journal of Political Economy, 81,637-654. 3.Mackay, Charles. Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds: New York, Harmony Books (1980). 4.Chance .Don M.† A Chronology of Derivatives† Derivative Quarterly, 2 (winter, 1955) 53-60. 5.Thomas L. Friedman ,The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century Stephen Leeb, Glen Strathy ,The Coming Economic Collapse: How You Can Thrive When Oil Costs $200 a Barrel 7.George A. Fontanills, Tom Gentile The Volatility Course 8.George Soros, Paul A. Volcker The Alchemy of Finance (Wiley Investment Classics) 9.John C. Hull Options, Futures and Other Derivatives (6th Edition) 10.Marc Allaire ,The Options Strategist 11. George Kleinman, Trading Commodities and Financial Future: A Step by Step Guide to Mastering the Markets (3rd Edition). 12. Sheldon Natenberg ,Option Volatility Pricing: Advanced Trading Strategies and Techniques Jeffrey M. Christian, Commodities Rising: The Reality Behind the Hype and How To Really Profit in the Commodities Market. John J. Murphy ,Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets: A Comprehensive Guide to Trading Methods and Applications (New York Institute of Finance John F. Carter, Mastering the Trade (McGraw-Hill Trader’s Edge) 16. Joseph Kellogg, Trading From the Inside 17. Thomas N. Bulkowski ,Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns (Wiley Trading) 18.Stephen W. Bigalow, Profitable Candlestick Trading: Pinpointing Market Opportunities to Maximize Profits

Value Chain Analysis:

Value Chain Analysis: Primary Activities: Research and Development: The Coca-Cola Company has invested more than $60 million to build the worlds largest plastic-bottle-to-bottle recycling plant and support recycling. â€Å"The Coca-Cola Company is a company with the power to transform the marketplace, and the introduction of the â€Å"PlantBottleà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢Ã¢â‚¬  is yet another great example of their leadership on environmental issues†( Carter Roberts, President and CEO of World Wildlife Fund, U.S). Interactive vending machines Climate friendly coolers. Production: Amatils association with Cocacola date back to 1964 and from then, Coca Cola Amatil ruling the roost in Australian Non alcholic beverage industry. CCA manufactures wide range of carbonated drinks like Coca Cola, Diet coke, Vanilla Coke, Sprite etc.,and recently started manufacturing well being products like fruit juices, water, low calorie carbonated drinks. After acquiring SPC Ardmona in 2004, CocaColaAmatil also entered the food manufacturing and distribution business. CocaCola Amatil manufactures its finished products from the concentrate and beverage base supplied by THE CocaCola Company. http://www.ccamatil.com.au/australianProducts.asp Marketing and Sales: Through out the century of existence, the name â€Å"Coca Cola† became its own marketing symbol. The name itself is perceived as a epitome of brand value and quality by the millions of its customers. CCA mainly bank its marketing strategy on the availability of its products to the customers. â€Å"By being part of the Coca-Cola system CCA has access to the worlds most popular branded beverages supported by strong advertising and unique marketing properties. CCA and TCCC are working together to utilise their complementary skills and assets, to profitably build consumption in each of our market†. TCCCs main marketing strategy include heavy advertising and promotion by sponsoring sports events and roping international celebrities as brand ambassadors. TCCC funds the marketing activities of coming up with new brands and different packaging plans. The sales and marketing plans are developed together by both the companies every year using their skills and assests. Affiliation: CCA and TCCC are affiliated to the communities in which they operate from sponsoring development programs of physical fitness and life style skills to sponsoring major sporting events. CCA also participates in assisting the communities in the time of any natural disasters. â€Å"CCA and TCCC have established foundations in Australia and Indonesia to provide assistance to community development activites to assist young people to realise their potential.† Customer Service: CocaCola Amatil has a national call center â€Å" Coke Connect† which undertakes all the consumer enquiries and customer requests by giving accurate, clear and prompt service. The consumer information center with in the coke connect takes all the consumer feedback and then feed the information at the organisation level through out the world and also be included in its monthly management report and the feedback is considered in making business decisions. By knowing what customer needs and thinks, CCA is always keep itself in delivering best customer service possible. http://www.ccamatil.com.au/customers_consumers.asp Support Activities: Human resources: Coca Cola is built on its core assests of its people and its brand value. Coca Cola believes that the work place should be a place which involves with creativity, innovation, professional relationships and professional growth. Coca Cola has 92400 associates world wide and many more supportive staff of which 86% are from outside United states which makes CocaCola inculcate its business environment with local culture of its employees and keep learning from this local cultures as cultures matters a lot in the success of a product in a local community. CocaCola follows a decentralised system in decision making in which it tries to incorporate ideas and concepts from its employees and passing them across all the departments for further evaluation. Infrastructure: CocaCola established its trademark since its inception in 1986 in United states. The companys every operation from manufacturing to delivering is supported by its strong infrastructure base. Some companies like spherion, Jones lang lasalle, IBM, Ogilveyand mather,prudential provide TCCC with basic ingredients and bottling and delivery machines. The Logistic operations of CocaCola Amatil in Australia is outsourced to LINFOX logistics which assisting Coca Cola to keep it value in delivering. This understanding between Linfox and Coca Cola may help TCCC to come up new products and its new logistic demands can be met in time. http://wotnews.com.au/news/Linfox Core Competency Analysis: Brand Value: People relate themselves to the brand value of a company. A brand value makes the consumer choices easy and this brand image gives the company a competitive edge over its rivals. Brand value brings trust in customers and it takes a lot of investment to keep the brand image intact over the years and this Coca colas strong brand identity through out the years rose its sales into an unprecedented levels. In 2007, TCCCc brand value is 44.13 billion US$ and it was regarded as the worlds fourth powerful brand only lying behind Microsoft, Google and GE, as per the Millward Browns BrandZ index. The TCCCs greater brand value allows its consumers revisit and makes its entry into a new market easy. Large Scale of Operations: CocaCola beverage products are available easier than water in this world. We will find CocaCola vending machines in almost every educational institution of the world and their easy access in public places. The main advantage of CocaCola is its easy availability than any of its rivals. Innovation: Innovation is a heart of any company which continously strive to make any difference in the competitive environment. Differentiation in its products gives CocaCola a edge in attracting many customers or consumers. Coca Cola displays its ability to innovate in its products, equipment, packaging and in the external environment. It recently launched its ‘JIANCHI health product in Milan, which inculcates 5000 years of chinese wisdom in that bottle. TCCC also invested 60 million in building a bottle to bottle recycle or reuse plant in North America as part of its mission to recycle 100% of its products. It also came with innovative climatic friendly vending machines or coolers which reduced carbon emission by 99% and has a smart detective system which reduce energy use by 35%. Performance Analysis: Any companys performance whether it is small or large can be analysed by taking its financial figures into consideration. In todays business world, It is reality that numbers count a lot than anything else in analysing a companys performance. Coca Cola witnessed Net operating revenue growth of 11%, operating income growth of 16% and unit case volume growth of 5%. CocaCola holds 1st position worldwide in terms of sparkling beverages, juices and juice drinks and ready to drink coffees and teas, comes 2nd in terms of sports drink and 3rd in terms of packaged water and energy drinks. Portfolio Analysis: TACCs motive of â€Å" A beverage for every need† is the energy behind CocaColas success with more than 3000 products in more than 190 countries. The company head quartered in Atlanta, Georgia, employs nearly 71000 people (In Year 2006) and 74% of its products were sold outside United States. Its portfolio includes 13 billion dollar brands and has a company associates of 92400 people world wide. The CocaCola Company has different strategic business units for its product types like Sports drink, Juice drinks, Squash, Water, Low sugar soft drinks, general soft drinks and energy drinks. 49.9% of all coke products are sugar free. http://www.cokecorporateresponsibility.co.uk/marketplace/developing-our-portfolio/changing-our-portfolio.html Portfolia of Coca Cola includes many brands which evolved throught out the history of Coca cola and some of the brands include Barqs, CocaCola, Coke zero, Diet Coke, Glaceau, Fanta, Minute maid, Fuze, Thumsup, Vault, Powerade etc.,. CocaCola touches 1.5 billion lives a day. Coca Cola added 200+ juice and juice drink products to its portfolio in 2008 and accommodated 700+ low calorie or no calorie products in its profile. In Australia, CocaCola Amatil acquired SPC ARDMONA in 2004 which is a food manufacturing brand and this may help CocaCola in establishing strategic business unit for manufacturing chips. http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/presscenter/nr_20090514_plantbottle.html Now a days, Coca Cola is much about health and wellness.